Spending Preferences

Description

Variables in this module focus on preferences for government spending. The main harmonised variables for each area combine responses into decrease, maintain, or increase spending. However, we found questions that asked only about increasing or decreasing spending. These are not compatible with variables that also ask about the opposing preferences. We therefore created secondary harmonised variables focused on just increasing or decreasing spending. These supplement the main harmonised variables with answers from questions that ask only about decreasing or increasing spending.

Spending on Childcare
Spending on Culture and Arts
Spending on Defence
Spending on Disabilities
Spending on Education
Spending on Environment
Spending on Foreign Aid
Spending on Healthcare
Spending on Homeless

Spending on Law Enforcement
Spending on Pensions
Spending on Poverty
Spending on Science and Technology
Spending on Social Security
Spending on Social Services
Spending on Unemployment
Spending on Welfare

Harmonized Variables

sp_cc1a | Spending on Childcare

Harmonized variable with values from other spending variables. Values recoded to indicate preference for decreasing, maintaining, or increasing spending. Variables only included if they have values representing all three of these options. –1 = decrease, 0 = maintain, 1 = increase

sp_cc2a | Increase Spending on Childcare

Harmonized variable with values recoded to indicate preference for increasing spending versus other options. Variables included if they have options for increasing and maintaining spending, even if they do not also have options for decreasing spending. 0 = maintain or decrease, 1 = increase

sp_cc3a | Decrease Spending on Childcare

Harmonized variable with values recoded to indicate preference for increasing spending versus other options. Variables included if they have options for decreasing and maintaining spending, even if they do not also have options for increasing spending. 0 = maintain or increase, 1 = decrease

sp_ca1a | Spending on Culture and Arts

sp_ca2a | Increase Spending on Culture and Arts

sp_ca3a | Decrease Spending on Culture and Arts

sp_df1a | Spending on Defence

sp_df2a | Increase Spending on Defence

sp_df3a | Decrease Spending on Defence

sp_da1a | Spending on Disabilities

sp_da2a | Increase Spending on Disabilities

sp_da3a | Decrease Spending on Disabilities

sp_ed1a | Spending on Education

sp_ed2a | Increase Spending on Education

sp_ed3a | Decrease Spending on Education

sp_ev1a | Spending on Environment

sp_ev2a | Increase Spending on Environment

sp_ev3a | Decrease Spending on Environment

sp_fa1a | Spending on Foreign Aid

sp_fa2a | Increase Spending on Foreign Aid

sp_fa3a | Decrease Spending on Foreign Aid

sp_hc1a | Spending on Healthcare

sp_hc2a | Increase Spending on Healthcare

sp_hc3a | Decrease Spending on Healthcare

sp_hl1a | Spending on Homeless

sp_hl2a | Increase Spending on Homeless

sp_hl3a | Decrease Spending on Homeless

sp_le1a | Spending on Law Enforcement

sp_le2a | Increase Spending on Law Enforcement

sp_le3a | Decrease Spending on Law Enforcement

sp_ps1a | Spending on Pensions

sp_ps2a | Increase Spending on Pensions

sp_ps3a | Decrease Spending on Pensions

sp_pv1a | Spending on Poverty

sp_pv2a | Increase Spending on Poverty

sp_pv3a | Decrease Spending on Poverty

sp_st1a | Spending on Science and Technology

sp_st2a | Increase Spending on Science and Technology

sp_st3a | Decrease Spending on Science and Technology

sp_sc1a | Spending on Social Security

sp_sc2a | Increase Spending on Social Security

sp_sc3a | Decrease Spending on Social Security

sp_sv1a | Spending on Social Services

sp_sv2a | Increase Spending on Social Services

sp_sv3a | Decrease Spending on Social Services

sp_ue1a | Spending on Unemployment

sp_ue2a | Increase Spending on Unemployment

sp_ue3a | Decrease Spending on Unemployment

sp_wf1a | Spending on Welfare

Harmonized variable with values from other variables in this series. Values recoded to indicate preference for decreasing, maintaining, or increasing spending. Variables only included if they have values representing all three of these options. –1 = decrease, 0 = maintain, 1 = increase

sp_wf2a | Increase Spending on Welfare

sp_wf3a | Decrease Spending on Welfare

Spending on Childcare

sp_cc103b | Spending on Childcare

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, which of the following programs would you like to see spending increased and for which would you like to see spending decreased? Childcare. 0 = decreased, 1 = kept the same, 2 = increased

Spending on Culture and Arts

sp_ca103a | Taxes and Spending for Culture and Arts

Now I want to ask you which options you think would be best for you and your household. Again, suppose that for each of the seven areas of government spending, the government had to choose between these three options: Increase spending and raise taxes for every adult in [Country] by [amount], keep spending and income tax about the same as now or cut spending and reduce taxes for every adult in [Country] by [amount] a year? Culture and the Arts 0 = cut spending and taxes, 1 = keep the same, 2 = increase spending and taxes

sp_ca103s | Arts and Culture Spending

And now government spending. Should the [Federal/ National] government spend more, less, or about the same as now on the following areas? Arts and culture. 0 = less, 1 = same as now, 2 = more

sp_ca105a | Culture and Arts Spending

Listed below are various areas of government spending. Please show whether you would like to see more or less government spending in each area. Please bear in mind that more spending may require a tax increase (Alternative: Remember that if you say much more, it might require a tax increase to pay for it): Culture and the arts. 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_ca105b | Culture and Arts Spending

Would you like to see more, the same or less government spending on culture and the arts? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_ca105o | Culture and Arts Spending

We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. First, culture and the arts. Are we spending too much, too little, or about the right amount on culture and the arts? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_ca107a | Arts and Culture Spending

Is the amount of taxes the government is spending on each of the following problems too little, about right, or too much? Support of arts and culture. 0 = too much, 3 = about right, 6 = too little

Spending on Defence

sp_df102c | Defence and Armed Forces Spending

Now I am going to mention various items of public expenditure. Could you please tell me if you believe that in your country it would be better to spend more or less on each of them: Defence and the armed forces? 0 = spend less, 1 = spend more

sp_df103a | Defence Spending

sp_df103b | Defence Spending

Next, I am going to read you a list of federal programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, which programs would you like to see increased and which reduced. Should [Federal/ National] spending on defence be increased, decreased, or kept about the same? 0 = decrease, 1 = kept about the same, 2 = increase

sp_df103c | Defence Spending

Do you think that the government should spend more or less money on defence? 0 = spend less, 1 = doesn’t matter, 2 = spend more

sp_df103f | Taxes and Defence Spending

Now I want to ask you which options you think would be best for you and your household. Again, suppose that for each of the seven areas of government spending, the government had to choose between these three options: Increase spending and raise taxes for every adult in [Country] by [amount], keep spending and income tax about the same as now or cut spending and reduce taxes for every adult in [Country] by [amount] a year? Defence. 0 = cut spending and taxes, 1 = keep the same, 2 = increase spending and taxes

sp_df103g | Defence Spending

National defence spending level. 0 = too high, 1 = about right, 2 = too low

sp_df103h | Defence Spending

Some people believe that we should spend much less money for defence. Others feel that defence spending should be greatly increased. Do you think that the government should spend more on national defence, less on national defence, or about the same on national defence as it does now? 0 = less, 1 = about the same, 2 = more

sp_df103j | Military, Armaments, and Defence Spending

This country is faced with many problems, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think the [Federal/ National] government is spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. How would you rate the amount of [Federal/ National] spending on the military, armaments and defence? 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_df103o | National Security Spending

What do you think of the amount of government spending in the following areas? National security. 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_df103p | Security Spending

Regarding each of the following, in your opinion, should the state spend more money, less money or to the same amount it spends now? Security. 0 = spend less, 1 = the same amount, 2 = spend more

sp_df103q | Military and Security Spending

In regard to the following items, do you think the government should spend more, less, or the current amount of money? Military and security. 0 = should spend less, 1 = should spend what it does now, 2 = should spend more

sp_df103r | Security Spending

Should the country spend more money, less money, or the same as it does today on the following issues: Security. 0 = less, 1 = same as today, 2 = more

sp_df103s | Defence Spending

And now government spending. Should the [Federal/ National] government spend more, less, or about the same as now on the following areas? Defence. 0 = less, 1 = same as now, 2 = more

sp_df103u | Defence Spending

Almost [fraction] ([exact percentage) of the [Federal/ National] budget expenditure this year are for defence costs. Do you think that this is too much, too little, just right, or don’t you have an opinion on this? 0 = too much, 1 = just right, 2 = too little

sp_df103v | Defence Spending

We have listed some areas of government spending here. For each area, please tell me whether the state should spend more on it in the future, just as much as it should spend so far, or less. Defence. 0 = spend less, 1 = just as much, 2 = spend more

sp_df103w | Armaments Expenditure

Should the [Country] reduce its armaments expenditure, increase its armaments expenditure, or should nothing change there? 0 = rather decrease, 1 = shouldn’t change anything, 2 = rather increase

sp_df103x | Armed Forces and Defence Spending

What do you think about spending on the armed forces and defence? Should [Country] in the future spend more money than before, spend less money, or shouldn’t much change there? 0 = spend less money, 1 = shouldn’t change, 2 = spend more money than before

sp_df103y | Military, Armaments, and Defence Spending

First, I would like to talk with you about some things people think about today. We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. The military, armaments and defence. 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_df104b | Defence Spending

Variable merged from multiple answers. Here is a list of some items of government spending. Which of them, if any, would be your top priority for less government spending? And which would be your second priority? And which of them, if any, would be your top priority for more government spending? And which would be your second priority? Defence. 0 = less spending, 1 = slightly less spending, 2 = slightly more spending, 3 = more sending

sp_df105a | Military and Defence Spending

Listed below are various areas of government spending. Please show whether you would like to see more or less government spending in each area. Please bear in mind that more spending may require a tax increase (Alternative: Remember that if you say much more, it might require a tax increase to pay for it): The military and defence. 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_df105c | Defence Spending

Do you think that the government should spend more or less on defence? 0 = spend lot less on defence, 1 = spend less on defence, 2 = about right at present, 3 = spend some more on defence, 4 = spend much more on defence

sp_df105e | Defence Spending

Do you think this country should increase what it spends on military defence, decrease it, or leave things as they are at present? 0 = a lot less, 1 = a little less, 2 = leave as it is, 3 = a little more, 4 = a lot more

sp_df105f | Defence Spending

Some people believe that we should spend much less money for defence. Others feel that defence spending should be greatly increased. Do you have an opinion on this issue, or haven’t you thought much about this? Do you feel the government should decrease defence spending, increase defence spending, or is the government spending on defence about the right amount now? Should the government reduce defence spending a lot or a little? Should the government increase defence spending a lot or a little? (Four questions combined and summarised).0 = decrease defence spending a lot, 1 = decrease defence spending a little, 2 = about the right amount, 3 = increase defence spending a little, 4 = increase defence spending a lot

sp_df105g | Military and Defence Spending

Would you like to see more, the same or less government spending on the military and defence? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_df105k | Defence Spending

For the next questions, please say whether there should be more or less public expenditure in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those services. Thinking about public expenditure on defence, should there be much more than now, somewhat more than now, the same as now, somewhat less than now, or much less than now? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

sp_df105n | Defence Spending

For the next questions, please say whether you would like to see more or less government spending in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those government services. Defence. 0 = much less, 1 = less, 2 = same as now, 3 = more, 4 = much more

sp_df105o | Military, Armaments, and Defence Spending

We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. First, the military, armaments, and defence. Are we spending too much, too little, or about the right amount on the military, armaments, and defence? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_df105q | Defence Spending

I now wanted to know if you would like the state to spend more or less on spending in various areas. Remember that if you say more, it can mean an increase in taxes, and if you say less it can mean a reduction in public services. Do you think that the state should spend much more, more, the same, less or much less than it now spends on defence? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

sp_df107a | Defence Spending

Some people believe that we should spend much less money for defence. Suppose these people are at one end of a scale, at point 0. Others feel that defence spending should be greatly increased. Suppose these people are at the other end, at point 6. And, of course, some other people have opinions somewhere in between, at points 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5. Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven’t you thought much about this? 0 = greatly decrease defence spending, 6 = greatly increase defence spending

sp_df107b | Defence Spending

Some people believe that we should spend much less money for defence. Others feel that defence spending should be greatly increased. Do you think that the government should spend a lot more, somewhat more, or slightly more than it does now? 0 = a lot less, 1 = somewhat less, 2 = slightly less, 3 = about the same, 4 = slightly more, 5 = somewhat more, 6 = a lot more

sp_df107c | Defence Spending

Is the amount of taxes the government is spending on each of the following problems too little, about right or too much? Defence. 0 = too much, 3 = about right, 6 = too little

sp_df107d | Defence Spending

Some people believe that we should spend less money for defence. Others feel that defence spending should be increased. Still others feel that defence spending should be continued at the present level. How about you? Do you think defence spending should be increased, decreased, or continued at the present level, or haven’t you thought much about this? If the level of defence spending were to be changed, would you be more in favour of an increase or a decrease? 0 = decrease a lot, 1 = decrease a little, 2 = decrease, 3 = neither, 4 = increase, 5 = increase a little, 6 = increase a lot

sp_df107f | Defence Spending

There has been a lot of debate recently about defence spending. Some people believe that [Country] should spend a lot less money on defence. Suppose these people are at one end of a seven-point scale, at point number 0. Others feel that [Country] should spend a lot more on defence. Suppose these people are at the other end of the scale, at point number 6. And, of course, other people have opinions somewhere in between, at points 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Where would you place yourself on this scale, remembering that point number 0 is a lot less spending on defence and point number 6 is a lot more spending on defence, or haven’t you thought much about this? 0 = spend a lot less, 6 = spend a lot more

sp_df107f2 | Defence Spending

There has been a lot of debate recently about defence spending. Do you think [Country] should spend less money on defence, more money on defence, or continue spending about the same amount on defence, (or haven’t you thought much about this)? Would you say [Country] should spend a lot less or a little less on defence? Would you lean toward spending less on defence or more on defence? Would you say [Country] should spend a lot more or a little more on defence? (Answers to four questions combined and summarised). 0 = spend a lot less, 1 -= a little less, 2 = same or less, 3 = same or no change, 4 = same or more, 5 = a little more 6 = spend a lot more

sp_df107g | Defence Spending

Some people believe that we should spend much less money for defence. Suppose these people are at one end of a scale, at point 0. Others feel that defence spending should be greatly increased. Suppose these people are at the other end, at point 6. And, of course, some other people have opinions somewhere in between, at points 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5. Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven’t you thought much about this? 0 = government should decrease defence spending, 6 = government should increase defence spending

Spending on Defence: Increase

sp_df202a | Increase Defence Spending

On defence, do you think that the government should be spending more to strengthen [Nationality] defence, or do you think that spending on defence is about right? 0 = defence spending about right, 1 = should spend more

sp_df203i | Increase Defence Spending

Some people believe that we should spend much less money for defence. Others feel that defence spending should be greatly increased. Do you think that the government should spend a lot more, somewhat more, or slightly more than it does now? 0 = slightly more, 1 = somewhat more, 2 = a lot more

sp_df203m | Higher Taxes for More Defence Spending

Here is a list of areas where the [Federal/ National] government spends money. Please tell us if you would be willing to pay higher taxes so the government could spend more in each of these areas. Defence and national security. 0 = not willing, 1 = willing a little more, 2 = willing quite a bit more

Spending on Defence: Decrease

sp_df302b | Reduce Defence Spending

Here are a number of policies which might help [Country’s] economic problems. As I read them out will you tell me whether you would support such a policy or oppose it? Reducing government spending on defence. 0 = support, 1 = oppose

sp_df302d | Cut Military Spending

Some people believe that our armed forces are powerful enough and we should spend less money for defence. Others feel that military spending should at least continue at the present level. How do you feel? Should military spending be cut, or should it continue at least at the present level? 0 = cut military spending, 1 = continue spending at present

sp_df302e | Cut Defence Spending

When it comes to cutting expenses: In which areas should we save in [Country]? Let me now tell you a few areas in which cuts could be made. Where do you think should be cut? Should savings be made on defence? 0 = yes, 1 = no

sp_df303e | Less Defence Spending

Do you think the government should or should not do each of the following things, or doesn’t it matter either way: Spend less on defence? 0 = should, 1 = doesn’t matter, 2 = should not

sp_df303t | Cut Defence Spending

Would you cut defence spending a lot, some, or not at all? (Alternative: Should defence spending be cut a lot, some, or not at all?) 0 = a lot, 1 = some, 2 = not at all

sp_df304a | Cut Military Spending

Some people believe that our armed forces are already powerful enough and that we should spend less money for defence. Others feel that military spending should at least continue at the present level. How do you feel, should military spending be cut, or should it continue at least at the present level? 0 = cut military spending, 1 = pro-con, both boxes checked, 2 = other (depends), 3 = continue spending at least at present level

sp_df304c | Less Defence Spending

Finally, please tick one box for each statement below to show whether or not you think the government should: spend less on defence. 0 = definitely should, 1 = probably should, 2 = probably should not, 3 = definitely should not

sp_df305d | Less Defence Spending

Please use this card to say whether you think the government should or should not do each of the following things, or it doesn’t matter either way? Government should/ should not: spend less on defence. 0 = definitely should, 1 = probably should, 2 = doesn’t matter, 3 = probably shouldn’t, 4 = definitely shouldn’t

sp_df305b | Reduce Military Spending

I will now ask your opinion on a number of items. Will you please, for each item, select on this list the answer which best describes your own opinion. Military expenditures must be reduced. 0 = completely agree, 1 = broadly agree, 2 = agree if anything, 3 = disagree to some extent, 4 = disagree completely

sp_df305h | Less Defence Spending

Do you think the government should or should not do each of the following things or doesn’t it matter either way? Spend less money on defence? 0 = definitely should, 1 = probably should, 2 = doesn’t matter, 3 = probably shouldn’t, 4 = definitely shouldn’t

Spending on Disabilities

sp_da103a | Aid to Handicapped

This country is faced with many problems, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think the [Federal/ National] government is spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. How would you rate the amount of [Federal/ National] spending on aid to the handicapped? 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_da105b | Spending for People with Disabilities

I’m now going to read out a number of different areas that government currently funds through taxes. Could you please say whether there should be more or less public expenditure in each area? Please bear in mind that if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those services. Should there be more or less public expenditure in support for people with disabilities? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

sp_da105c | Benefit Spending for Disabled People

Listed below are various areas of government spending. Please show whether you would like to see more or less government spending in each area. If you want more spending, this is likely to mean that you will have to pay more taxes. If you want less spending, this is likely to make it possible to cut taxes: Benefits for disabled people. 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_da105d | Benefits Spending for Disabled People

Some people think that there should be more government spending on social security, while other people disagree. For each of the groups I read out please say whether you would like to see more or less government spending on them than now. Bear in mind that if you want more spending, this would probably mean that you would have to pay more taxes. If you want less spending, this would probably mean paying less taxes. Benefits for disabled people who cannot work. Would you like to see more or less government spending than now? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_da105e | Cash Transfers for Disabled

For the next question, please say whether there should be more or less public expenditure in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those services. Thinking about public expenditure on cash transfers for the disabled, should there be much less than now, somewhat less than now, the same as now, somewhat more than now, or much more than now? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

Spending on Education

sp_ed102a | Education Spending

Now I am going to mention various items of public expenditure. Could you please tell me if you believe that in your country it would be better to spend more or less on each of them: Education? 0 = spend less, 1 = spend more

sp_ed103a | Spending on Improving Education System

This country is faced with many problems, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think the [Federal/ National] government is spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. How would you rate the amount of [Federal/ National] spending on improving the nation’s Education system? 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_ed103d | Education Spending

Finally on election issues, I want to ask about some changes that have been happening in [Country] over the years. For each one I read out can you say whether you think it has gone too far, not gone far enough, or it is about right: Government spending on education. 0 = gone too far, 1 = about right, 2 = not gone far enough

sp_ed103e | Taxes and Education Spending

Now I want to ask you which options you think would be best for you and your household. Again, suppose that for each of the seven areas of government spending, the government had to choose between these three options: Increase spending and raise taxes for every adult in [Country] by [amount], keep spending and income tax about the same as now or cut spending and reduce taxes for every adult in [Country] by [amount] a year? Education. 0 = cut spending and reduce taxes, 1 = keep spending and income tax about the same as now, 2 = increase spending and raise taxes

sp_ed103o | Education Spending

What do you think of the amount of government spending in the following areas? Education. 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_ed103p | Education Spending

Regarding each of the following, in your opinion, should the state spend more money, less money or to the same amount it spends now? Education. 0 = spend less, 1 = the same amount, 2 = spend more

sp_ed103q | Education Spending

In regard to the following items, do you think the government should spend more, less, or the current amount of money? Education. 0 = should spend less, 1 = should spend what it does now, 2 = should spend more

sp_ed103r | Education Spending

Should the country spend more money, less money, or the same as it does today on the following issues: Education. 0 = less, 1 = same as today, 2 = more

sp_ed103s | Education Spending

And now government spending. Should the [Federal/ National] government spend more, less, or about the same as now on the following areas? Education. 0 = less, 1 = same as now, 2 = more

sp_ed103y | Spending to Improve Education System

First, I would like to talk with you about some things people think about today. We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. Improving the nation’s education system. 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_ed104a | Education Spending

sp_ed105a | Taxes and Education Spending

Listed below are various areas of government spending. Please show whether you would like to see more or less government spending in each area. Please bear in mind that more spending may require a tax increase (Alternative: Remember that if you say much more, it might require a tax increase to pay for it): Education. 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_ed105d | Education Spending

For the next question, please say whether there should be more or less public expenditure in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those services. Thinking about public expenditure on education, should there be [much more than now, somewhat more than now, the same as now, somewhat less than now, or much less than now/ much less than now, somewhat less than now, the same as now, somewhat more than now, or much more than now]? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

sp_ed105e | Education Spending

Would you like to see more, the same or less government spending on education? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_ed105k | Education Spending

For the next questions, please say whether there should be more or less public expenditure in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those services. Thinking about public expenditure on education, should there be much more than now, somewhat more than now, the same as now, somewhat less than now, or much less than now? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

sp_ed105l | Taxes and Education Spending

There is much talk about various areas of government spending. Please tell me whether you would like to see much more, more, the same as now, less, or much less government spending in each area. Keep in mind that much more spending could also involve higher taxes! Education. 0 = much less, 1 = less, 2 = same as now, 3 = more, 4 = much more

sp_ed105n | Taxes and Education Spending

For the next questions, please say whether you would like to see more or less government spending in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those government services. Education. 0 = much less, 1 = less, 2 = same as now, 3 = more, 4 = much more

sp_ed105o | Spending to Improve Education System

We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. First, improving the nation’s education system. Are we spending too much, too little, or about the right amount on improving the nation’s education system? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_ed105q | Education Spending

I now wanted to know if you would like the state to spend more or less on spending in various areas. Remember that if you say more, it can mean an increase in taxes, and if you say less it can mean a reduction in public services. Do you think that the state should spend much more, more, the same, less or much less than it now spends on education? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

Spending on Education: Increase

sp_ed202b | More Taxes for More School Education

Would you be willing to pay more taxes than you do currently so that the government can spend more on primary and secondary education? 0 = no, 1 = yes

sp_ed203m | Taxes for More School Spending

Here is a list of areas where the [Federal/ National] government spends money. Please tell us if you would be willing to pay higher taxes so the government could spend more in each of these areas. Primary and secondary schools. 0 = not willing, 1 = willing a little more, 2 = willing quite a bit more

sp_ed203n | More Spending on School Education

In your opinion, to improve the quality of primary and secondary education in [Country], what should the government do? 0 = use better the money that it’s currently spending on education, 1 = both, 2 = spend more money on education, even if it has to raise taxes

sp_ed205c | More Education Spending

Please use this card to say whether you think the government should or should not do the following things or does it matter either way? Spend more money on education. 0 = definitely should not, 1 = probably should not, 2 = doesn’t matter either way, 3 = probably should, 4 = definitely should

Spending on Education: Decrease

sp_ed302e | Reduce Education Funding

sp_ed303t | Cut Education Spending

Would you cut education [spending] a lot, some, or not at all? (Alternative: Should education [spending] be cut a lot, some, or not at all?) 0 = a lot, 1 = some, 2 = not at all

Spending on Education: Other

sp_ed403b | Financial Aid for College Students

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, which of the following programs would you like to see spending increased and for which would you like to see spending decreased? Should [Federal/ National] spending on financial aid for college students be increased, decreased, or kept about the same? 0 = decreased, 1 = kept the same, 2 = increased

sp_ed403b2 | Spending for Public Schools

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, which of the following programs would you like to see spending increased and for which would you like to see spending decreased? Public schools? 0 = decreased, 1 = kept the same, 2 = increased

sp_ed403b3 | Spending for Big City Schools

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, which of the following programs would you like to see spending increased and for which would you like to see spending decreased? Big city schools? 0 = decreased, 1 = kept the same, 2 = increased

sp_ed403f | Money for School Building

Around election time people talk about different things that our government in [Capital] is doing or should be doing. Now I would like to talk to you about some of the things that our government might do. Of course, different things are important to different people, so we don’t expect everyone to have an opinion about all of these: If cities and towns around the country need help to build more schools, the government in [Capital] ought to give them the money they need. Do you have an opinion on this or not? Do you agree that the government should do this, or do you think the government should not do it? 0 = disagree, 1 = not sure or it depends, 2 = agree

sp_ed405b | Money for School Building

If cities and towns around the country need help to build more schools, the government in [Capital] ought to give them the money they need. 0 = disagree strongly, 1 = disagree but not very strongly, 2 = not sure it depends, 3 = agree but not very strongly, 4 = agree strongly

sp_ed405f | Money for School Building

On the question of the government in [Capital] giving money to cities and towns around the country if they need help to build more schools, is the government going too far, doing less than it should, or what? 0 = definitely too far, 1 = a little too far, 2 = about right, 3 = a little less than it should, 4 = a lot less than it should

sp_ed407a | Primary and Secondary Education Spending

Is the amount of taxes the government is spending on each of the following problems too little, about right or too much? Primary and secondary education. 0 = too much, 3 = about right, 6 = too little

sp_ed407b | Higher Education Spending

Is the amount of taxes the government is spending on each of the following problems too little, about right or too much? Higher education (colleges, universities). 0 = too much, 3 = about right, 6 = too little

Spending on Environment

sp_ev103a | Improving and Protecting Environment

This country is faced with many problems, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think the [Federal/ National] government is spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. Improving and protecting the environment. Is the government spending too much, too little, or about the right amount on improving and protecting the environment? 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_ev103b | Improving and Protecting Environment

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, should [Federal/ National] spending on improving and protecting the environment be increased, decreased, or kept about the same? 0 = decreased, 1 = kept the same, 2 = increased

sp_ev103c | Taxes and Environment Spending

Now I want to ask you which options you think would be best for you and your household. Again, suppose that for each of the seven areas of government spending, the government had to choose between these three options: Increase spending and raise taxes for every adult in [Country] by [amount], keep spending and income tax about the same as now or cut spending and reduce taxes for every adult in [Country] by [amount] a year? The environment. 0 = cut spending and taxes, 1 = keep the same, 2 = increase spending and taxes

sp_ev103o | Environmental Issue Spending

What do you think of the amount of government spending in the following areas? Environmental issues. 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_ev103p | Spending to Save Nature and Ecology

Regarding each of the following, in your opinion, should the state spend more money, less money or to the same amount it spends now? Saving nature and ecology. 0 = spend less, 1 = the same amount, 2 = spend more

sp_ev103r | Ecology Spending

Should the country spend more money, less money, or the same as it does today on the following issues: Ecology. 0 = less, 1 = same as today, 2 = more

sp_ev103s | Environment Spending

And now government spending. Should the [Federal/ National] government spend more, less, or about the same as now on the following areas? The environment. 0 = less, 1 = same as now, 2 = more

sp_ev103y | Spending to Improve and Protect Environment

First, I would like to talk with you about some things people think about today. We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. Improving and protecting the environment. 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_ev104b | Protect Environment

Variable merged from multiple answers. Here is a list of some items of government spending. Which of them, if any, would be your top priority for less government spending? And which would be your second priority? And which of them, if any, would be your top priority for more government spending? And which would be your second priority? Protecting the environment. 0 = less spending, 1 = slightly less spending, 2 = slightly more spending, 3 = more spending

sp_ev105a | Taxation and Spending on Environment

Listed below are various areas of government spending. Please show whether you would like to see more or less government spending in each area. Please bear in mind that more spending may require a tax increase (Alternative: Remember that if you say much more, it might require a tax increase to pay for it): The environment. 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_ev105i | Environment Spending

Would you like to see more, the same or less government spending on the environment? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_ev105k | Spending to Protect Environment

For the next questions, please say whether there should be more or less public expenditure in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those services. Thinking about public expenditure on protecting the environment, should there be much more than now, somewhat more than now, the same as now, somewhat less than now, or much less than now? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

sp_ev105l | Environment Spending

There is much talk about various areas of government spending. Please tell me whether you would like to see much more, more, the same as now, less, or much less government spending in each area. Keep in mind that much more spending could also involve higher taxes! The environment. 0 = much less, 1 = less, 2 = same as now, 3 = more, 4 = much more

sp_ev105o | Spending to Improve and Protect Environment

We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. First, improving and protecting the environment. Are we spending too much, too little, or about the right amount on improving and protecting the environment? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_ev107a | Spending to Protect Environment

Next, I am going to read you a list of [ Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, should [Federal/ National] spending be increased, decreased, or kept about the same? Protecting the environment. 0 = decreased a great deal, 1 = decreased a moderate amount, 2 = decreased a little, 3 = kept about the same, 4 = increased a little, 5 = increased a moderate amount, 6 = increased a great deal

sp_ev107b| Spending to Protect Environment

Is the amount of taxes the government is spending on each of the following problems too little, about right or too much? Environmental protection. 0 = too much, 3 = about right, 6 = too little

Spending on Environment: Increase

sp_ev203m | More Taxes for More Environmental Protection

Here is a list of areas where the [Federal/ National] government spends money. Please tell us if you would be willing to pay higher taxes so the government could spend more in each of these areas. Environmental protection. 0 = not willing, 1 = willing a little more, 2 = willing quite a bit more

sp_ev205b | Increasing Spending to Protect Environment

Here are some statements about general environmental concerns, please say whether you strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree with each of these statements. Increase government spending to protect the environment? 0 = strongly disagree, 1 = disagree, 2 = neither agree nor disagree, 3 = agree, 4 = strongly agree

sp_ev205e | Spend on Campaigns to Protect Environment

There are various ways governments might try to get people to do less harm to the environment. Please tick one box for each policy below to show your views. For the sake of the environment, the [Country] government should spend money on campaigns to persuade people not to harm the environment. 0 = strongly disagree, 1 = disagree, 2 = neither in favour nor against, 3 = agree, 4 = strongly agree

sp_ev205j | Increase Spending to Protect Environment

And now some statements about general environmental concerns. Please say whether you strongly agree, agree, disagree or strongly disagree with each of these statements. Increase government spending to protect the environment. 0 = strongly disagree, 1 = disagree, 2 = neither agree nor disagree, 3 = agree, 4 = strongly agree

Spending on Environment: Decrease

sp_ev302e | Reduce Environmental Protection Spending

Spending on Foreign Aid

sp_fa103b | Foreign Aid Spending

This country is faced with many problems, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think the [Federal/ National] government is spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. How would you rate the amount of [Federal/ National] spending on foreign aid? 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_fa103c | Foreign Aid Spending

If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, for which of the following programs would you like to see spending increased and for which would you like to see spending decreased. Should [Federal/ National] spending on foreign aid be increased, decreased, or kept about the same? 0 = decreased, 1 = same, 2 = increased

sp_fa103d | Development Aid Spending

The EU and its Member States provide financial assistance to developing countries. Which of the following statements best describes your opinion? 0 = we should spend less money in support of developing countries, 1 = we should continue spending as we do, 2 = we should spend more money in support of developing countries

sp_fa103o | Foreign Aid Spending

What do you think of the amount of government spending in the following areas? Foreign aid. 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_fa103s | Development Aid

And now government spending. Should the [Federal/ National] government spend more, less, or about the same as now on the following areas? Aid to developing countries. 0 = less, 1 = same as now, 2 = more

sp_fa103v | Development Assistance

We have listed some areas of government spending here. For each area, please tell me whether the state should spend more on it in the future, just as much as it should spend so far, or less. Desired state expenditure development in the area: Development Aid. 0 = spend less, 1 = just as much, 2 = spend more

sp_fa103y | Foreign Aid Spending

First, I would like to talk with you about some things people think about today. We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. Foreign aid. 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_fa105d | Economic Help to Poorer Countries

On the question of [Country] giving economic help to the poorer countries of the world even though they can’t pay for it, is the government going too far, doing less than it should, or what? 0 = definitely too far, 1 = a little too far, 2 = about right, 3 = a little less than it should, 4 = a lot less than it should

sp_fa107a | Foreign Aid Spending

What about foreign aid? Should [Federal/ National] spending on foreign aid be increased, decreased, or kept about the same? 0 = decreased a great, 1 = decreased a moderate amount, 2 = decreased a little, 3 = kept about the same, 4 = increased a little, 5 = increased a moderate amount, 6 = increased a great deal

sp_fa107c | Development Aid Spending

Is the amount of taxes the government is spending on each of the following problems too little, about right or too much? Development aid to developing countries. 0 = too much, 1, 2, 3 = about right, 4, 5, 6 = too little

Spending on Foreign Aid: Increase

sp_fa205e | More Aid to Poor Countries

And still using the card, please say whether you agree or disagree with each of these statements, or say if you are not sure either way. The government should give more aid to poor countries in Africa and Asia 0 = strongly disagree, 1 = disagree, 2 = not sure either way, 3 = agree, 4 = strongly agree

sp_fa205g | More Aid to Poor Countries

I am going to read out a list of things that some people believe a government should do. For each one you can say whether you feel it is: very important that it should be done, not that important to be done, doesn’t’ matter either way, fairly important that it should not be done, very important that it should not be done. Giving more aid to poorer countries in Africa and Asia. 0 = very important should not, 1 = fairly important should not, 2 = doesn’t matter, 3 = fairly important should, 4 = very important should

Spending on Foreign Aid: Decrease

sp_fa303t | Cut Development Aid

Would you cut aid to developing countries a lot, some, or not at all? (Alternative: Should aid to developing countries be cut a lot, some, or not at all?) 0 = a lot, 1 = some, 2 = not at all

sp_fa305c | Less Foreign Aid Spending

Do you think the government should or should not do each of the following things or doesn’t it matter either way? Spend less on foreign aid? 0 = definitely should, 1 = probably should, 2 = doesn’t matter, 3 = probably shouldn’t, 4 = definitely shouldn’t

Spending on Healthcare

sp_hc102a | Health Spending

Now I am going to mention various items of public expenditure. Could you please tell me if you believe that in your country it would be better to spend more or less on each of them: Health? 0 = spend less, 1 = spend more

sp_hc103a | Spending to Improve and Protect Health

This country is faced with many problems, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think the [Federal/ National] government is spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. How would you rate the amount of [Federal/ National] spending on improving and protecting the nation’s health? 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_hc103b | Health Spending

If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, which programs would you like to see increased and which reduced. Should [Federal/ National] spending on health care [or National Health Service] be increased, decreased, or kept about the same? 0 = decrease, 1 = same, 2 = increase

sp_hc103d | Health Care Spending

Do you think that the [Nationality] government should spend more, the same amount as today or less on health care? 0 = less, 1 = same amount, 2 = more

sp_hc103f | Taxes and Health Spending

Now I want to ask you which options you think would be best for you and your household. Again, suppose that for each of the seven areas of government spending, the government had to choose between these three options: Increase spending and raise taxes for every adult in [Country] by [amount], keep spending and income tax about the same as now or cut spending and reduce taxes for every adult in [Country] by [amount] a year? Health. 0 = cut spending and taxes, 1 = keep the same, 2 = increase spending and taxes

sp_hc103h | Taxes and Health Spending

Suppose the government had to choose between three options on this list. Which do you think it should choose? 0 = reduce taxes or social insurance contributions and spend less on health care services, 1 = keep taxes and spending on health care services at the same level as now, 2 = increase taxes or social insurance contributions and spend more on health

sp_hc103p | Health Spending

Regarding each of the following, in your opinion, should the state spend more money, less money or to the same amount it spends now? Health. 0 = spend less, 1 = the same amount, 2 = spend more

sp_hc103q | Health Spending

In regard to the following items, do you think the government should spend more, less, or the current amount of money? Health. 0 = should spend less, 1 = should spend what it does now, 2 = should spend more

sp_hc103r | Health Spending

Should the country spend more money, less money, or the same as it does today on the following issues: Health. 0 = less, 1 = same as today, 2 = more

sp_hc103s | Health Care Spending

And now government spending. Should the [Federal/ National] government spend more, less, or about the same as now on the following areas? Health care. 0 = less, 1 = same as now, 2 = more

sp_hc103y | Spending to Improve and Protect Health

First, I would like to talk with you about some things people think about today. We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. Improving and protecting the nation’s health. 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_hc104a | Health Spending

Variable merged from multiple answers. Here is a list of some items of government spending. Which of them, if any, would be your top priority for less government spending? And which would be your second priority? And which of them, if any, would be your top priority for more government spending? And which would be your second priority? Health. 0 = less spending, 1 = slightly less spending, 2 = slightly more spending, 3 = more sending

sp_hc105a | Taxes and Health Spending

Listed below are various areas of government spending. Please show whether you would like to see more or less government spending in each area. Please bear in mind that more spending may require a tax increase (Alternative: Remember that if you say much more, it might require a tax increase to pay for it): Health. 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_hc105f | Health Spending

Would you like to see more, the same or less government spending on health? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_hc105g | More Health Service Spending

I am going to read out a list of things that some people believe a government should do. For each one you can say whether you feel it is: Very important that it should be done, not that important to be done, doesn’t matter either way, fairly important that it should not be done, very important that it should not be done. Now, using one of the answers on this card, what is your view about putting more money into the health service? 0 = very important should not, 1 = fairly important should not, 2 = doesn’t matter, 3 = fairly important should, 4 = very important should

sp_hc105k | Health Spending

For the next questions, please say whether there should be more or less public expenditure in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those services. Thinking about public expenditure on health, should there be much more than now, somewhat more than now, the same as now, somewhat less than now, or much less than now? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

sp_hc105l | Health Spending

There is much talk about various areas of government spending. Please tell me whether you would like to see much more, more, the same as now, less, or much less government spending in each area. Keep in mind that much more spending could also involve higher taxes! Health. 0 = much less, 1 = less, 2 = same as now, 3 = more, 4 = much more

sp_hc105n | Health Spending

For the next questions, please say whether you would like to see more or less government spending in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those government services. Health. 0 = much less, 1 = less, 2 = same as now, 3 = more, 4 = much more

sp_hc105o | Spending to Improve and Protect Health

We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. First, improving and protecting the nation’s health. Are we spending too much, too little, or about the right amount on improving and protecting the nation’s health? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_hc105q | Health Spending

I now wanted to know if you would like the state to spend more or less on spending in various areas. Remember that if you say more, it can mean an increase in taxes, and if you say less it can mean a reduction in public services. Do you think that the state should spend much more, more, the same, less, or much less than it now spends on health? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

sp_hc107c | Taxes and Health Spending

Is the amount of taxes the government is spending on each of the following problems too little, about right or too much? Health care. 0 = too much, 3 = about right, 6 = too little

Spending on Healthcare: Increase

sp_hc202b | More Taxes for More Health Services

Would you be willing to pay more taxes than you do currently so that the government can spend more on public health services? 0 = no, 1 = yes

sp_hc203e | Increase Health Spending

Do you think the government should or should not do each of the following things, or doesn’t it matter either way? Government should or should not: put more money/ spend more on [National Health Service]? 0 = should not, 1 = doesn’t matter, 2 = should

sp_hc203m | Higher Taxes for More Health Spending

Here is a list of areas where the [Federal/ National] government spends money. Please tell us if you would be willing to pay higher taxes so the government could spend more in each of these areas. Health and Medicare. 0 = not willing, 1 = willing a little more, 2 = willing quite a bit more

Spending on Healthcare: Decrease

sp_hc302e | Cut Health Expenses

sp_hc303t | Cut Health Spending

Would you cut health care [spending] a lot, some, or not at all? (Alternative: Should health care [spending] be cut a lot, some, or not at all?) 0 = a lot, 1 = some, 2 = not at all

Spending on Healthcare: Other

sp_hc403n | Health Services Finance

In your opinion, to improve the quality of public health services in [Country], what should the government do? 0 = use better the money that it’s currently spending on health, 1 = both, 2 = spend more money on health, even if it has to raise taxes

sp_hc405d | More Health Spending

Please use this card to say whether you think the government should or should not do the following things, or doesn’t it matter either way? Put more money into the [National Health Service]. 0 = definitely should not, 1 = probably should not, 2 = doesn’t matter either way, 3 = probably should, 4 = definitely should

sp_hc407a | Health Costs and Coverage

There is much concern about the rapid rise in medical and hospital costs. Some feel the government in [Capital] should do more in providing health insurance to cover medical and hospital expenses. Others feel the government should do much less than it does now, with medical expenses to be paid by individuals and through private insurance like [Insurer Name]. Still others think the government is now doing what is needed. Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven’t you thought much about this? 0 = government should do much less, 1 = government should do somewhat less, 2 = government should do a little less, 3 = government is now doing what is needed, 4 = government should do a little more, 5 = government should do somewhat more, 6 = government should do much more

sp_hc407b | Health Costs and Coverage

There is much concern about the rapid rise in medical and hospital costs. Some feel there should be a government insurance plan which would cover all medical and hospital expenses. Others feel that medical expenses should be paid by individuals, and through private insurance. Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven’t you thought much about this? 0 = private Insurance plan (government should do much less), 6 = government insurance plan (government should do much more)

Spending on Homeless

sp_hl103b | Spending on Homeless

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, which of the following programs would you like to see spending increased and for which would you like to see spending decreased? Homeless? 0 = decreased, 1 = kept the same, 2 = increased

Spending on Homeless: Other

sp_hl104a | Spending Too Much to Help Homeless

Do you think that the [Nationality] government is spending too much, about the right amount, not very much or not at all to help homeless people? 0 = too much, 1 = about the right amount, 2 = not very much, 3 = not at all

Spending on Law Enforcement

sp_le102a | Public Security Spending

Now I am going to mention various items of public expenditure. Could you please tell me if you believe that in your country it would be better to spend more or less on each of them: Public security? 0 = spend less, 1 = spend more

sp_le103a | Taxes and Police Spending

Now I want to ask you which options you think would be best for you and your household. Again, suppose that for each of the seven areas of government spending, the government had to choose between these three options: Increase spending and raise taxes for every adult in [Country] by [amount], keep spending and income tax about the same as now or cut spending and reduce taxes for every adult in [Country] by [amount] a year? Police. 0 = cut spending and taxes, 1 = keep the same, 2 = increase spending and taxes

sp_le103b | Spending on Dealing with Crime

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, which of the following programs would you like to see spending increased and for which would you like to see spending decreased? Dealing with crime? 0 = decreased, 1 = kept the same, 2 = increased

sp_le103q | Police Spending

In regard to the following items, do you think the government should spend more, less, or the current amount of money? Police.

0 = should spend less, 1 = should spend what it does now, 2 = should spend more

sp_le103y | Spending to Halt Rising Crime Rate

First, I would like to talk with you about some things people think about today. We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. Halting the rising crime rate. 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_le104a | Police Spending

Variable merged from multiple answers. Here is a list of some items of government spending. Which of them, if any, would be your top priority for less government spending? And which would be your second priority? And which of them, if any, would be your top priority for more government spending? And which would be your second priority? Police. 0 = less spending, 1 = slightly less spending, 2 = slightly more spending, 3 = more sending

sp_le105a | Police and Law Enforcement Spending

Listed below are various areas of government spending. Please show whether you would like to see more or less government spending in each area. Please bear in mind that more spending may require a tax increase (Alternative: Remember that if you say much more, it might require a tax increase to pay for it): The police and law enforcement. 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_le105c | Police and Law Enforcement Spending

Would you like to see more, the same or less government spending on the police and law enforcement? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_le105k | Taxes and Police and Law Enforcement Spending

For the next questions, please say whether there should be more or less public expenditure in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those services. Thinking about public expenditure on police and law enforcement, should there be much more than now, somewhat more than now, the same as now, somewhat less than now, or much less than now? 0 = much less than now 1 = somewhat less than now 2 = the same as now 3 = somewhat more than now 4 = much more than now

sp_le105o | Spending to Halt Rising Crime Rate

We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. First, halting the rising crime rate. Are we spending too much, too little, or about the right amount on halting the rising crime rate? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_le105q | Taxes and Police and Law Enforcement Spending

I now wanted to know if you would like the state to spend more or less on spending in various areas. Remember that if you say more, it can mean an increase in taxes, and if you say less it can mean a reduction in public services. Do you think that the state should spend much more, more, the same, less or much less than it now spends on police and law enforcement? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

sp_le107a | Public Security Spending

Is the amount of taxes the government is spending on each of the following problems too little, about right or too much? Public security (police, courts). 0 = too much, 3 = about right, 6 = too little

Spending on Pensions

sp_ps102b | Pension Spending

Now I am going to mention various items of public expenditure. Could you please tell me if you believe that in your country it would be better to spend more or less on each of them: Pensions? 0 = spend less, 1 = spend more

sp_ps103o | Social Security and Pension Spending

What do you think of the amount of government spending in the following areas? Social security and pensions. 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_ps103s | Pension and Old Age Security Spending

And now government spending. Should the [Federal/ National] government spend more, less, or about the same as now on the following areas? Pensions and old age security. 0 = less, 1 = same as now, 2 = more

sp_ps104a | Aged Pension Spending

Variable merged from multiple answers. Here is a list of some items of government spending. Which of them, if any, would be your top priority for less government spending? And which would be your second priority? And which of them, if any, would be your top priority for more government spending? And which would be your second priority? Aged Pensions. 0 = less spending, 1 = slightly less spending, 2 = slightly more spending, 3 = more spending

sp_ps105a | Old Age Pension Spending

Listed below are various areas of government spending. Please show whether you would like to see more or less government spending in each area. Please bear in mind that more spending may require a tax increase. (Alternative: Remember that if you say much more, it might require a tax increase to pay for it): Old age pensions. 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_ps105c | Old Age Pension Spending

Would you like to see more, the same or less government spending on old age pensions? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_ps105k | Old Age Pension Spending

For the next questions, please say whether there should be more or less public expenditure in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those services. Thinking about public expenditure on old-age pensions, should there be much more than now, somewhat more than now, the same as now, somewhat less than now, or much less than now? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

sp_ps105k2 | Cash Transfers for Elderly

For the next questions, please say whether there should be more or less public expenditure in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those services. Thinking about public expenditure on cash transfers for the elderly, should there be much less than now, somewhat less than now, the same as now, somewhat more than now, or much more than now? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

sp_ps105l | Taxes and Old Age Pension Spending

There is much talk about various areas of government spending. Please tell me whether you would like to see much more, more, the same as now, less, or much less government spending in each area. Keep in mind that much more spending could also involve higher taxes! Old age pensions. 0 = much less, 1 = less, 2 = same as now, 3 = more, 4 = much more

sp_ps105n | Taxes and Old Age Pension Spending

For the next questions, please say whether you would like to see more or less government spending in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those government services. Old age pensions. 0 = much less, 1 = less, 2 = same as now, 3 = more, 4 = much more

sp_ps105o | Retirement Benefits Spending

We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. First, retirement benefits. Are we spending too much, too little, or about the right amount on retirement benefits? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_ps105q | Old Age Pension Spending

I now wanted to know if you would like the state to spend more or less on spending in various areas. Remember that if you say more, it can mean an increase in taxes, and if you say less it can mean a reduction in public services. Do you think that the state should spend much more, more, the same, less or much less than it now spends on old age pensions? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

Spending on Pensions: Increase

sp_ps202a | More Pension and Social Service Spending

Do you feel that the government should spend more on pensions and social services, or do you feel that spending for social services should stay about as it is now? 0 = about as is now, 1 = should spend more

sp_ps203a | More Old Age Pension Spending

Do you feel that the government should spend more on old-age pensions or do you feel that spending on pensions should stay about how it is? 0 = should not spend more, 1 = does not matter, 2 = should spend more

Spending on Pensions: Decrease

sp_ps302e | Cut Pension Spending

sp_ps303t | Cut Pensions and Old Age Security

Pensions and old age security. Would you cut pensions a lot, some, or not at all? (Alternative: Should pensions be cut a lot, some, or not at all?) 0 = a lot, 1 = some, 2 = not at all

Spending on Pensions: Other

sp_ps103b | Elderly Care Spending

Here are some more questions about [Federal/ National] spending. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, for which of the following programs would you like to see spending increased and for which would you like to see spending decreased? Should [Federal/ National] spending on care for the elderly be increased, decreased, or kept about the same? 0 = decreased, 1 = same, 2 = increased

Spending on Poverty

sp_pv103b | Spending on Aid to Poor

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. What about aid to the poor? Should [Federal/ National] spending on aid to the poor be increased, decreased, or kept the same? 0 = decreased, 1 = kept the same, 2 = increased

sp_pv103b3 | Spending on Aid to Working Poor

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. Should [Federal/ National] spending aid to the working poor be increased, decreased, or kept the same? 0 = decreased, 1 = kept the same, 2 = increased

sp_pv103c | Spending to Reduce Poverty

Do you think that [Country] is spending too much, about the right amount, or too little to help people out of poverty? 0 = too much, 1 = about the right amount, 2 = too little

sp_pv103d | Spending on Poor People

If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, for which of the following programs would you like to see spending increased and for which would you like to see spending decreased. Should [Federal/ National] spending on poor people be increased, decreased or kept about the same? 0 = decrease, 1 = same, 2 = increase

sp_pv105f | Spending on Poor People

Our next question deals with government programs to assist the poor. Some people say that government spending on such programs for the poor needs to be increased, to help those who through no fault of their own, simply cannot earn enough to take care of themselves and their children. Others say that government spending on such programs for the poor should be decreased, because they give away money to people who don’t really need the help. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, would you like to see spending on programs that assist the poor increased, decreased, or stay the same? Increased a little or a lot? Decreased a little or a lot? (Three questions combined and summarised). 0 = decreased a lot, 1 = decreased a little, 2 = stay the same, 3 = increase a little, 4 = increased a lot

sp_pv107a | Spending on Aid to Poor

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, should [Federal/ National] spending on aid to the poor be increased, decreased, or kept about the same? 0 = decrease a great deal, 1 = decrease a moderate amount, 2 = decrease a little, 3 = kept about the same, 4 = increased a little, 5 = increased a moderate amount, 6 = increased a great deal

Spending on Poverty: Increase

sp_pv202b | More Taxes for Income Transfer Programs

Would you be willing to pay more taxes than you do currently so that the government can spend more on [income transfer program specific to the country]? 0 = no, 1 = yes

sp_pv204c | Spend More to Get Rid of Poverty

Finally, please tick one box for each statement below to show whether or not you think the government should: spend more money to get rid of poverty. 0 = definitely should not, 1 = probably should not, 2 = probably should, 3 = definitely should

sp_pv205c | Spend More to Get Rid of Poverty

Please use this card to say whether you think the government should or should not do each of the following things, or it doesn’t matter either way? Spend more money to get rid of poverty. 0 = definitely should not, 1 = probably should not, 2 = doesn’t matter, 3 = probably should, 4 = definitely should

sp_pv205g | Spend More to Get Rid of Poverty

I am going to read out a list of things that some people believe a government should do. For each one you can say whether you feel it is: Very important that it should be done, not that important to be done, doesn’t matter either way, fairly important that it should not be done, very important that it should not be done. Spending more money to get rid of poverty in [Country]? 0 = very important should not, 1 = fairly important should not, 2 = doesn’t matter, 3 = fairly important should, 4 = very important should

sp_pv205l | More Social Grants for Poor

To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? The government should spend more money on social grants for the poor, even if it leads to higher taxes. 0 = strongly agree, 1 = agree, 2 = neither nor, 3 = disagree, 4 = strongly disagree

sp_pv207b | Spend More on Helping Poor

The government should spend more on helping the poor. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? 0 = strongly disagree, 6 = strongly agree

Spending on Poverty: Decrease

sp_pv305a | Spend Less on Benefits for Poor

Please show how much you agree or disagree with each statement. The government should spend less on benefits for the poor. 0 = agree strongly, 1 = slightly agree, 2 = neither agree nor disagree, 3 = slightly disagree, 4 = disagree strongly

sp_pv305m | Spend Less on Benefits for Poor

To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? The government should spend less on benefits for the poor. 0 = strongly agree, 1 = agree, 2 = neither nor, 3 = disagree, 4 = strongly disagree

Spending on Poverty: Other

sp_pv103b2 | Spending on Food Stamps

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. Should [Federal/ National] spending on food stamps be increased, decreased, or kept the same? 0 = decreased, 1 = kept the same, 2 = increased

sp_pv105b | Assistance for Low Income Families

Listed below are various areas of government spending. Please show whether you would like to see more or less government spending in each area. Please bear in mind that more spending may require a tax increase (Alternative: Remember that if you say much more, it might require a tax increase to pay for it): Assistance for low-income families. 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

Spending on Science and Technology

sp_st103a | Science and Technology Spending

If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, which programs would you like to see increased and which reduced? Should [Federal/ National] spending on science and technology be increased, decreased, or kept about the same? 0 = decreased, 1 = same, 2 = increased

sp_st103b | Space and Scientific Research

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, which of the following programs would you like to see spending increased and for which would you like to see spending decreased? Space and scientific research? 0 = decreased, 1 = kept the same, 2 = increased

sp_st103b2 | Spending on Science and Technology

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, which of the following programs would you like to see spending increased and for which would you like to see spending decreased? Science and technology? 0 = decreased, 1 = kept the same, 2 = increased

sp_st103v | Science and Research Spending

We have listed some areas of government spending here. For each area, please tell me whether the state should spend more on it in the future, just as much as it should spend so far, or less. Desired state expenditure development in the area: Science and Research. 0 = spend less, 1 = just as much, 2 = spend more

Spending on Social Security

sp_sc103a | Social Security Spending

Some people think that social security benefits should be increased even though that would mean an increase in taxes. Others feel that social security benefits should be decreased so that we can pay less in taxes. Still others believe that the present level of benefits and taxes is just right. How about you? Do you think that social security benefits should be increased, decreased, or continued at the present level, or haven’t you thought much about this? 0 = decrease, 1 = continue at present level, 2 = increase

sp_sc103b | Social Security Spending

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, which programs would you like to see increased and which decreased? Should [Federal/ National] spending on social security be increased, decreased, or kept about the same? 0 = decrease, 1 = kept the same, 2 = increase

sp_sc103c | Social Security Spending

This country is faced with many problems, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think the [Federal/ National] government is spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. How would you rate the amount of [Federal/ National] spending on social security? 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_sc103g | Social Security Spending

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. What about social security? Should [Federal/ National] spending on social security be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?) 0 = decreased, 1 = kept the same, 2 = increased

sp_sc103i | Social Security Spending

The next questions are about how you would make the best impression on me that you could. As you answer, please imagine that you are only trying to present yourself in the best light. If you were trying to make the best impression on me that you could, would you say that [Federal/ National] spending on social security should be increased, decreased, or kept about the same? 0 = decrease, 1 = same, 2 = increase

sp_sc103y | Social Security Spending

First, I would like to talk with you about some things people think about today. We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. Social security. 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_sc107b | Social Security Spending

Is the amount of taxes the government is spending on each of the following problems too little, about right or too much? Social security. 0 = too much, 3 = about right, 6 = too little

sp_sc107c | Social Security Spending

Next, I am going to read you a list of federal programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, should [Federal/ National] spending on social security increase or decrease. 0 = decrease a great deal, 1 = decrease a moderate amount, 2 = decrease a little, 3 = kept about the same, 4 = increased a little, 5 = increased a moderate amount, 6 = increased a great deal

sp_sc107d | Social Security Benefits Spending

Some people think social security benefits should be increased even though that would mean an increase in taxes. Others feel social security benefits should be decreased so we can pay less in taxes. Where would you place yourself on this scale or haven’t you thought much about this? 0 = decrease benefits and taxes a great deal, 6 = increase benefits and taxes a great deal

Spending on Social Security: Decrease

sp_sc302e | Cut Social Benefits

Spending on Social Services

sp_sv102a | Less Taxes or More Social Services

If the government has a choice between reducing taxes or spending more on social services. Which do you think it should do? 0 = reduce taxes even if this means spending less on social services, 1 = spend more on social services even if this means higher taxes

sp_sv102b | Less Taxes or More Social Services

People hold different views about the economy. For each pair of statements, which is closer to your own view. Government should cut taxes even if it reduces spending on education, health care and pensions. Even if it means people like myself paying more in taxes, government should spend more on education, health and pensions. 0 = lower taxes and reduce spending, 1 = higher taxes and more spending

sp_sv103c | Taxes and Social Services

Suppose the government had to choose between the three options on this card. Which do you think it should choose? 0 = less tax and expenditure health, education and social benefits, 1 = same tax and expenditure, 2 = more tax and expenditure

sp_sv104a | Social Services and Benefits

Now we would like to ask what you think about social services and benefits. Which of these statements do you feel comes closest to your own views?

0 = social services and benefits have gone much too far and should be cut back a lot, 1 = social services and benefits have gone somewhat too far and should be cut back a bit, 2 = social services and benefits should stay much as they are, 3 = more social services and benefits are needed

sp_sv104b | Taxes and Social Services

On this card you will find a set of contrasting opinions about public problems. Which alternative you agree with? (a) Government should cut taxes even if it means reducing spending on education, health care and pensions. (b) Even if it means people like myself pay more in taxes, government should spend more on education, health and pensions. 0 = definitely agree with opinion a, 1 = somewhat agree with opinion a, 2 = somewhat agree with opinion b, 3 = definitely agree with opinion b

sp_sv104c | Taxes and Social Services

On this card you will find a set of contrasting opinions about public problems. Please say which alternative you agree with, whether strongly or somewhat. (Alternative: Which of these statements are you more inclined to agree with): Government should cut taxes even if it means reducing spending on education, health care and pensions; Even if it means people like myself paying more in taxes, government should spend more on education, health and pensions. 0 = definitely lower taxes, 1 = somewhat lower taxes, 2 = somewhat more spending, 3 = definitely more spending

sp_sv105a | Taxes and Social Services

If the government had a choice between reducing taxes or spending more on social services, which do you think it should do? 0 = strongly in favour of reducing taxes, 1 = mildly in favour of reducing taxes, 2 = it depends, 3 = mildly favour spending more on social services, 4 = strongly favour spending more on social services

sp_sv105b | Taxes and Social Services

If the government has a choice between increasing taxes or spending more on social services, which do you think it should do? 0 = strongly in favour of spending less on social services, 1 = mildly in favour of spending less on social services, 2 = depends, 3 = mildly favour spending more on increasing taxes, 4 = strongly favour increasing taxes

sp_sv105f | Spending on Social Services

Some people think the government should provide fewer services, even in areas such as health and education, in order to reduce spending. Other people feel it is important for the government to provide more services even if it means in increase in spending. Do you have an opinion about this topic, or haven’t you thought much about it? Do you think the government should reduce spending, provide more services, or is your position somewhere in between? Would you prefer a moderate (increase/ decrease) in spending and services, or a large (increase/ decrease)? (Three questions combined and summarised). 0 = reduce spending by large amount, 1 = reduce spending by moderate amount, 2 = in between, 3 = provide more services and moderate increase, 4 = provide more services and large increase in spending

sp_sv107b | Government Services Spending

Some people think the government should provide fewer services even in areas such as health and education in order to reduce spending. Suppose these people are at one end of a scale, at point 0. Other people feel it is important for the government to provide many more services even if it means an increase in spending. Suppose these people are at the other end, at point 6. And, of course, some other people have opinions somewhere in between, at points 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5. Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven’t you thought much about this? 0 = government should provide many fewer services (reduce spending a lot), 6 = government should continue to provide services (increase spending a lot)

sp_sv107c | Government Services Spending

Do you think that the government should provide a lot more services, somewhat more services, slightly more services, a lot fewer services, somewhat fewer services, or slightly fewer services than it does now? 0 = a lot fewer, 1 = somewhat fewer, 2 = slightly fewer, 3 = about the same, 4 = slightly more, 5 = somewhat more, 6 = a lot more

sp_sv107d | Government Services Spending

Some people think the government should provide fewer services even in areas such as health and education in order to reduce spending. Suppose these people are at one end of a scale, at point 0. Other people feel it is important for the government to provide many more services even if it means an increase in spending. Suppose these people are at the other end, at point 6. And, of course, some other people have opinions somewhere in between, at points 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5. 0 = provide fewer services (reduce spending), 6 = provide many more services (increase spending)

sp_sv107e | Government Services Spending

sp_sv111a | Taxes and Health and Social Services Spending

On a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 means government should cut taxes a lot and spend much less on health and social services, and 10 means government should raise taxes a lot and spend much more, where would you put the views of yourself: 0 = government should cut taxes a lot and spend much less on health and social services, 10 = government should increase taxes a lot and spend much more on health and social services

sp_sv121a | Taxes and Social Services Spending

Please look at this card. People who are convinced that we should put up taxes a lot and spend much more on health and social services will put a tick in the last box on the right, while those who are convinced that we should cut taxes a lot and spend much less on health and social services will put a tick in the last box on the left. So, just as before, people who hold views that come somewhere between those two positions will tick a box somewhere along here [boxes from right to centre] or somewhere along here (boxes from left to centre). First, would you tick the box anywhere along the scale that comes closest to your own views about taxes and government spending? 0 = taxes down, 10 = midpoint, 20 = services up

Spending on Social Services: Increase

sp_sv203e | More Government Services

Some people think the government should provide fewer services even in areas such as health and education in order to reduce spending. Other people feel it is important for the government to provide many more services even if it means an increase in spending. Do you think that the government should provide a lot more services, somewhat more services, or slightly more services than it does now? 0 = slightly, 1 = somewhat, 2 = a lot

Spending on Social Services: Decrease

sp_sv307a | Cut Government Services

Some people think the government should provide fewer services, even in areas such as health and education, in order to reduce spending. Other people feel it is important for the government to continue the services it now provides even if it means no reduction in spending. Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven’t you thought much about this? 0 = government should provide many fewer services (reduce spending a lot), 6 = government should continue provide services (no reduction in spending)

Spending on Social Services: Other

sp_sv403s | Social Housing Spending

And now government spending. Should the [Federal/ National] government spend more, less, or about the same as now on the following areas? Social housing. 0 = less, 1 = same as now, 2 = more

Spending on Unemployment

sp_ue102a | Spending on Unemployment Insurance

Now I am going to mention various items of public expenditure. Could you please tell me if you believe that in your country it would be better to spend more or less on each of them: Insurance against unemployment? 0 = spend less, 1 = spend more

sp_ue103b | Spending on Unemployment Insurance

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, which of the following programs would you like to see spending increased and for which would you like to see spending decreased? Unemployment insurance? 0 = decreased, 1 = kept the same, 2 = increased

sp_ue103e | Spending on Unemployment Compensation

This country is faced with many problems, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think the [Federal/ National] government is spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. How would you rate the amount of [Federal/ National] spending on unemployment compensation? 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_ue103f | Assistance for Unemployed

If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, for which of the following programs would you like to see spending increased and for which would you like to see spending decreased. Should [Federal/ National] spending on government assistance for the unemployed be increased, decreased, or kept about the same? 0 = decreased, 1 = same, 2 = increased

sp_ue103o | Spending on Unemployment Measures

What do you think of the amount of government spending in the following areas? Employment and unemployment measures. 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_ue103p | Aid to Unemployed

Regarding each of the following, in your opinion, should the state spend more money, less money or to the same amount it spends now? Aid to the unemployed. 0 = spend less, 1 = the same amount, 2 = spend more

sp_ue103s | Unemployment Insurance Spending

And now government spending. Should the [Federal/ National] government spend more, less, or about the same as now on the following areas? Unemployment insurance. 0 = less, 1 = same as now, 2 = more

sp_ue104a | Unemployment Benefits Spending

Variable merged from multiple answers. Here is a list of some items of government spending. Which of them, if any, would be your top priority for less government spending? And which would be your second priority? And which of them, if any, would be your top priority for more government spending? And which would be your second priority? Unemployment benefits. 0 = less spending, 1 = slightly less spending, 2 = slightly more spending, 3 = more sending

sp_ue105a | Unemployment Benefits Spending

Listed below are various areas of government spending. Please show whether you would like to see more or less government spending in each area. Please bear in mind that more spending may require a tax increase (Alternative: Remember that if you say much more, it might require a tax increase to pay for it): Unemployment benefits. 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_ue105d | Unemployment Benefits Spending

Would you like to see more, the same or less government spending on unemployment benefits? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_ue105k | Unemployed Benefits Spending

For the next questions, please say whether there should be more or less public expenditure in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those services. Thinking about public expenditure on unemployment benefits, should there be much more than now, somewhat more than now, the same as now, somewhat less than now, or much less than now? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

sp_ue105l | Unemployment Benefits Spending

There is much talk about various areas of government spending. Please tell me whether you would like to see much more, more, the same as now, less, or much less government spending in each area. Keep in mind that much more spending could also involve higher taxes! Unemployment benefits. 0 = much less, 1 = less, 2 = same as now, 3 = more, 4 = much more

sp_ue105n | Spending on Support for Unemployed

For the next questions, please say whether you would like to see more or less government spending in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those government services. Support for the unemployed. 0 = much less, 1 = less, 2 = same as now, 3 = more, 4 = much more

sp_ue105o | Unemployment Benefits Spending

We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. First, unemployment benefits. Are we spending too much, too little, or about the right amount on unemployment benefits? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend same as now, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_ue105q | Unemployment Benefits Spending

I now wanted to know if you would like the state to spend more or less on spending in various areas. Remember that if you say more, it can mean an increase in taxes, and if you say less it can mean a reduction in public services. Do you think that the state should spend much more, more, the same, less or much less than it now spends on unemployment benefits? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

Spending on Unemployment: Increase

sp_ue203c | Spend More to Create Jobs

Please say whether you agree or disagree with each of these statements, or say if you are not sure either way: The government should spend more money to create jobs. 0 = disagree, 1 = not sure, 2 = agree

sp_ue205e | Spend More to Create Jobs

Please tick one box for each statement to show how much you agree or disagree with it. The government should spend more money to create jobs. 0 = disagree strongly, 1 = disagree, 2 = neither agree nor disagree, 3 = agree, 4 = agree strongly

Spending on Unemployment: Decrease

sp_ue302e | Cut Unemployment and Welfare Spending

sp_ue303t | Cut Unemployment Insurance

Would you cut unemployment insurance [spending] a lot, some, or not at all? (Alternative: Should unemployment insurance [spending] be cut a lot, some, or not at all?) 0 = a lot, 1 = some, 2 = not at all

sp_ue305b | Spend More to Create Jobs

Using this card, please say whether you agree or disagree with each of the statements, or say if you are not sure either way? The government should spend more money to create jobs. 0 = strongly disagree, 1 = disagree, 2 = not sure either way, 3 = agree, 4 = strongly agree

Spending on Unemployment: Other

sp_ue103a | Government Jobs Spending for Unemployed

If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, which programs would you like to see increased and which reduced. Should [Federal/ National] spending on government jobs for the unemployed be increased, decreased, or kept about the same? 0 = decreased, 1 = same, 2 = increased

Spending on Welfare

sp_wf103a | Spending on Welfare

This country is faced with many problems, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think the [Federal/ National] government is spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. How would you rate the amount of [Federal/ National] spending on welfare? 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_wf103b | Spending on Welfare Programs

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. If you had a say in making up the [Federal/ National] budget this year, should [Federal/ National] spending on welfare programs be increased, decreased, or kept about the same? 0 = decreased, 1 = kept the about same, 2 = increased

sp_wf103q | Social Benefits Spending

In regard to the following items, do you think the government should spend more, less, or the current amount of money? Social benefits (unemployment, old age, disability, child [support]). 0 = should spend less, 1 = should spend what it does now, 2 = should spend more

sp_wf103r | Welfare Payments Spending

Should the country spend more money, less money, or the same as it does today on the following issues: Welfare payments (unemployment, old age, disability, child support). 0 = less, 1 = same as today, 2 = more

sp_wf103s | Welfare Spending

And now government spending. Should the [Federal/ National] government spend more, less, or about the same as now on the following areas? Welfare. 0 = less, 1 = same as today, 2 = more

sp_wf103v |Social Benefits Spending

We have listed some areas of government spending here. For each area, please tell me whether the state should spend more on it in the future, just as much as it should spend so far, or less. Desired state expenditure development in the area: Social Benefits. 0 = spend less, 1 = just as much, 2 = spend more

sp_wf103y | Welfare Spending

First, I would like to talk with you about some things people think about today. We are faced with many problems in this country, none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I’m going to name some of these problems, and for each one I’d like you to tell me whether you think we’re spending too much money on it, too little money, or about the right amount. Welfare. 0 = too much, 1 = about right, 2 = too little

sp_wf105a | Welfare Benefits

I’m now going to read out a number of different areas that government currently funds through taxes. Could you please say whether there should be more or less public expenditure in each area? Please bear in mind that if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those services. Should there be more or less public expenditure in welfare benefits? 0 = spend much less, 1 = spend less, 2 = spend the same, 3 = spend more, 4 = spend much more

sp_wf105k | Welfare Benefits Spending

For the next questions, please say whether there should be more or less public expenditure in each of the following areas. Remember if you say more, it could require a tax increase, and if you say less it could require a reduction in those services. Thinking about public expenditure on welfare benefits, should there be much more than now, somewhat more than now, the same as now, somewhat less than now, or much less than now? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = the same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

sp_wf105q | Welfare Benefits Spending

I now wanted to know if you would like the state to spend more or less on spending in various areas. Remember that if you say more, it can mean an increase in taxes, and if you say less it can mean a reduction in public services. Do you think that the state should spend much more, more, the same, less, or much less than it now spends on welfare benefits? 0 = much less than now, 1 = somewhat less than now, 2 = same as now, 3 = somewhat more than now, 4 = much more than now

sp_wf107a | Spending on Welfare

Next, I am going to read you a list of [Federal/ National] programs. For each one, I would like you to tell me whether you would like to see spending increased or decreased. How much increase or decrease spending on welfare? 0 = decrease a great deal, 1 = decrease a moderate amount, 2 = decrease a little, 3 = kept about the same, 4 = increased a little, 5 = increased a moderate amount, 6 = increased a great deal

Spending on Welfare: Increase

sp_wf203m | More Taxes for More Welfare Benefits

Here is a list of areas where the [Federal/ National] government spends money. Please tell us if you would be willing to pay higher taxes so the government could spend more in each of these areas. Welfare benefits. 0 = not willing, 1 = willing a little more, 2 = willing quite a bit more

sp_wf205b | Spend More on Social Welfare

Please tell me to what extent you agree or disagree with each of the following statements. The government should spend more on social welfare. 0 = disagree strongly, 1 = somewhat disagree, 2 = neither agree nor disagree, 3 = somewhat agree, 4 = agree strongly

sp_wf205d | More Welfare Benefits for Poor

Please tick one box for each statement below to show how much you agree or disagree with it. The government should spend more money on welfare benefits for the poor even if it leads to higher taxes. 0 = disagree strongly, 1 = disagree, 2 = neither agree nor disagree, 3 = agree, 4 = agree strongly

Spending on Welfare: Decrease

sp_wf303t | Cut Welfare Spending

Would you cut welfare spending a lot, some, or not at all? (Alternative: Should welfare [spending] be cut a lot, some, or not at all?) 0 = a lot, 1 = same, 2 = not at all